Air Conditioners Industry Information
Industrial air conditioners and industrial air conditioning
systems are designed to extract heat from a commercial or industrial
setting, factory or other large indoor area using a refrigeration cycle.
The refrigerant - one of any nonflammable fluorocarbons, generally
referred to as Freon - is compressed by a compressor, which causes
the cool gas to become a hot, high-pressure Freon gas. The Freon is mixed
with a small amount of lightweight oil, which lubricates the compressor.
The heat of the gas dissipates as it runs through a set of coils and
condenses into a liquid. Next, the liquid runs through an expansion valve,
causing it to evaporate and become a cold, low-pressure Freon gas. Finally,
the cool gas runs through a set of coils, this time absorbing heat, the
act of which cools down the air inside of the facility. Most industrial
air conditioners are able to create a 40% to 60% relative humidity in
the occupied space.
A split-air conditioning system separates the hot side of the system,
called the condensing unit, from the cold side. The condensing unit consists
of an expansion valve and a cold coil and is typically placed within
a furnace or some other air handler. The air is then blown through the
coil and routed through a series of ducts. The coil contains a fan that
blows air through the coil and a weather-resistant compressor. Split-system
units are lower-cost and quieter than single unit air conditioners, as
the noise is outside of the building. They also have a higher capacity,
due to the larger coils and compressor.
Split-system industrial air conditioners units are not efficient in larger
facilities, however, especially in multi-story buildings. Such instances
may then require a chilled-water system in which the entire industrial
air conditioner unit is located outside of the facility. Chilled-water
industrial air conditioning systems cool water to between 40 and 45ºF,
which is then piped throughout the building. Air handlers are used as
needed. If well-insulated, there is no limit to the length of chilled-water
pipe, as there is in split-system units.
Properly maintaining industrial air conditioner systems will improve
their performance and keep costs down. The outside coils, pumps and other
components should be installed in a cool, well-ventilated place. Industrial
air conditioners should be kept clean and protected from the weather
as well. When cooling systems are in use, doors and windows should be
kept closed as much as possible to prevent cool air from escaping. When
industrial air conditioning systems are not in use, the vents should
be closed to prevent warm air from leaking out of the building. When
purchasing industrial air conditioners, consider the type and size as
well as the purchasing and running costs. Energy Rating labels on single
unit air conditioners use a star rating system in which more stars mean
higher energy efficiency and more cost savings.