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About Industrial Air Conditioners
Industrial air conditioners and industrial air conditioning
systems are designed to extract heat from a commercial or industrial
setting, factory or other large indoor area using a refrigeration cycle.
The refrigerant – one of any nonflammable fluorocarbons, generally
referred to as Freon – is compressed by a compressor, which causes
the cool gas to become a hot, high-pressure Freon gas. The Freon is mixed
with a small amount of lightweight oil, which lubricates the compressor.
The heat of the gas dissipates as it runs through a set of coils and
condenses into a liquid. Next, the liquid runs through an expansion valve,
causing it to evaporate and become a cold, low-pressure Freon gas. Finally,
the cool gas runs through a set of coils, this time absorbing heat, the
act of which cools down the air inside of the facility. Most industrial
air conditioners are able to create a 40% to 60% relative humidity in
the occupied space.
A split-air conditioning system separates the hot side of the system,
called the condensing unit, from the cold side. The condensing unit consists
of an expansion valve and a cold coil and is typically placed within
a furnace or some other air handler. The air is then blown through the
coil and routed through a series of ducts. The coil contains a fan that
blows air through the coil and a weather-resistant compressor. Split-system
units are lower-cost and quieter than single unit air conditioners, as
the noise is outside of the building. They also have a higher capacity,
due to the larger coils and compressor.
Split-system industrial air conditioners units are not efficient in larger
facilities, however, especially in multi-story buildings. Such instances
may then require a chilled-water system in which the entire industrial
air conditioner unit is located outside of the facility. Chilled-water
industrial air conditioning systems cool water to between 40 and 45ºF,
which is then piped throughout the building. Air handlers are used as
needed. If well-insulated, there is no limit to the length of chilled-water
pipe, as there is in split-system units.
Properly maintaining industrial air conditioner systems will improve
their performance and keep costs down. The outside coils, pumps and other
components should be installed in a cool, well-ventilated place. Industrial
air conditioners should be kept clean and protected from the weather
as well. When cooling systems are in use, doors and windows should be
kept closed as much as possible to prevent cool air from escaping. When
industrial air conditioning systems are not in use, the vents should
be closed to prevent warm air from leaking out of the building. When
purchasing industrial air conditioners, consider the type and size as
well as the purchasing and running costs. Energy Rating labels on single
unit air conditioners use a star rating system in which more stars mean
higher energy efficiency and more cost savings.
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Types of Industrial Air Conditioners
- produce cooling units used in homes, offices, and commercial and industrial buildings.
- use a refrigerant to cool indoor areas.
- are strong enough to handle large spaces.
-
are mobile, self-contained air conditioners that do not require professional
installation. Computer room air conditioners, which can be wheeled into
any room that requires cooling, continuously exhaust warm, humid air
through a window, ceiling or vent without dripping.
- is a split-air conditioning system that primarily uses
only recirculated air to cool an environment through a system of ducts,
which move the cooler air where needed. Some duct systems can introduce
fresh air into the current.
- consist of
quiet, compact, indoor air distribution units and an efficient outdoor
compressor linked by refrigerant lines. Ductless air conditioner units
are used where ductwork was previously unavailable or unnecessary,
as in the case of smaller environments.
- are designed to cool work areas and other enclosures in hazardous locations
in which specific volatile flammable liquids or flammable gases are
handled or used.
- can cool larger areas and come in two main types:
single-unit and split-systems. Single-units are mounted through a wall
or window with the hot coil on the outside and cool only the area in
which they are situated, while the cool coil of a split-system is inside
a room and all the other components are located outdoors.
- are single-unit,
packaged, three-phase pieces of equipment that are capable of up to
240,000 BTU/h.
- , also referred to as "spot coolers,"
are often used in temporary environments, such as construction or other
industrial sites. Portable air conditioners can be ducted with a variety
of supply and return configurations.
- can range from small, portable air conditioners for
domestic applications to industrial air conditioners for cooling warehouses
or other large facilities. Rental air conditioners are especially useful
in the instance of failure of an existing cooling system.
- , also called “liquid chillers,” are
lightweight air conditioners that are used primarily for the cooling
of electronic equipment, such as computers, and do not employ the use
of chemicals or filters.
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